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Bitcoin ethereum blockchain superconference
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Bitcoin vs Ethereum — Blockchain Size Jonathan Bier 22 Nov Abstract: In this piece we attempt to compare and evaluate the differences in the blockchain size and data storage requirements, for Bitcoin and Ethereum. On the other hand, this metric is not a particularly useful comparison, as to learn useful information about the Ethereum network one needs to perform significantly more computations and generate far more data.
Bitcoin vs Ethereum Blockchain: Overview Bitcoin journalist and podcaster Peter McCormack recently tweeted a comparison between the storage required by a full Bitcoin node, compared to a full Ethereum node. The lead developer of the Geth implementation of Ethereum, Peter Szilagyi, retweeted the post with a different comparison. To validate a new block, you need the result of executing all previous blocks first — the head state.
That's GB as of today. After all, transaction throughput on Ethereum is higher than Bitcoin. Ethereum has also lately become a beast, with huge demand for Defi and NFT related activities. It seems weird that all this data is only a few hundred GB. Especially considering that almost any action a user takes on Ethereum requires a digital signature, which takes up a lot of space.
Ethereum is currently therefore generating far more data than Bitcoin, however Bitcoin still has more cumulative blockchain data, as the chart below shows. Finally, from late onwards, the Ethereum blockchain growth rate accelerated further and the growth rate is now far higher than Bitcoin. While it may be surprising to learn that the Ethereum blockchain is smaller than the Bitcoin blockchain, it seems that it is a bias towards the present and failure to remember just how small Ethereum was a few years ago, which is the primary cause of this surprise, in our view.
This includes all the digital signatures authorising each transaction. In the case of Ethereum and Geth we tested the inclusion of the signatures, by disconnecting our Geth node from the internet and successfully retrieving the digital signatures from various sample transactions, including ones from and The Ethereum blockchain data also includes all the code necessary to deploy every smart contract and we also tested the presence of this code on our local machine, which had a few hundred GB of storage.
What is the 9TB Ethereum blockchain? As far as we can tell, this larger data size is because the node stores and indexes results from historic states of the network in memory. All these results can be calculated from the smaller blockchain data set.
When looking up a recent transaction hash on our non-archival Geth node with the following command, we obtained a successful result: eth. However, we can still obtain data from these older transactions by requesting their position in a particular block.
The transaction signature is also displayed. We received some questions on why this is so large compared to the somewhat equivalent or analogous metric in Bitcoin, the UTXO set size, the set of unspent Bitcoin outputs. The last block and the state head or UTXO set is all a node needs to assess the validity of an incoming block, in the case of Ethereum and Bitcoin respectively.
Bitcoin Core supports pruning the blockchain, where a node can discard old blockchain data and only retain some very recent transactions plus the UTXO set. This means that one can fully validate the entire Bitcoin blockchain and check the validity of new blocks, with well under 10GB of disk space.
This is a pretty neat feature and represents a strong efficiency. Don't miss your seat. To enable this our team communicates with every participant to determine their goals do deliver a custom tailored maximum value event experience. After the event our team will continue our support of our participants and the opportunities they explore. See schedule How Bitcoin and Blockchain is changing the world The Blockchain Bitcoin Super Conference will bring together the innovators and powerhouses for open discussions on how bitcoin and blockchain enabled technology will change the world for economies, industries and individuals.
Be Part of the Conversation Blockchain has emerged and transformed into a highly disruptive and impactful technology. It has broken down barriers that have limited growth across a spectrum of industries. More than ever, Blockchain has numerous possibilities to revolutionize economies.
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2018 Bitcoin Ethereum Blockchain Super Conference
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The last block and the state head or UTXO set is all a node needs to assess the validity of an incoming block, in the case of Ethereum and Bitcoin respectively. Bitcoin Core supports pruning the blockchain, where a node can discard old blockchain data and only retain some very recent transactions plus the UTXO set. This means that one can fully validate the entire Bitcoin blockchain and check the validity of new blocks, with well under 10GB of disk space.
This is a pretty neat feature and represents a strong efficiency. For instance, 4. This efficiency does not seem to apply to Ethereum. It is fair to say that as far as we know, the Ethereum developers have not tried to make this more efficient, as there have been other priorities, but even if they did attempt this, they would be unlikely to achieve the efficiency savings that one can see in Bitcoin. The state is computed from the transaction history and essentially contains: all Ethereum account balances, storage associated with every deployed Ethereum smart contract and account nonces.
The state is updated and computed after each block, based on the previous state and the new transactions in the block. A merkle root hash of the state is included in each block header, ensuring consensus of the network state.
The state data continues to grow as Ethereum progresses and as mentioned above, the latest state is comparable in size to the blockchain itself. If a node was to store all the complete states, for every block, this would be a gigantic amount of data, perhaps significantly larger than even the 9TB archive node.
An individual Ethereum transaction could have a very small impact on the state or a large impact on the state. At the same time, a transaction that fails because it runs out of gas, will also have a minimal impact on the state. In contrast, other types of transactions, which may have a small data footprint on the blockchain themselves, could have a large impact on the state, for instance one transaction could interact with a smart contract which could change multiple account balances.
This is the key difference between Bitcoin transactions and Ethereum transactions. Just by looking at an individual Bitcoin transaction you can tell the impact it has on the state of the Bitcoin network and you can see what is going on. With Ethereum, you cannot necessarily do this, with Ethereum you can normally only know what a transaction does by also computing the state of the entire network. You may be thinking, ok so Ethereum works differently than Bitcoin, in that there is no clear link or relationship between the head state size and the number of transactions, but the same principles of pruning could still apply.
Why can there not be part of the state that is old, unused or expired, that could be pruned and excluded from the head state? Ethereum does not really work like that. When smart contracts are deployed, there is never really any mechanism to close or end the contract, it just continues to exist forever, even if it is no longer used. Any account can interact with any smart contract or any part of the state at any time.
In order to validate a new block, a node must therefore have the latest state of all the smart contracts and the entire system. Only limited pruning or efficiencies are therefore possible when it comes to reducing the size of the head state. The head state is therefore likley to continue to grow over time. Bitcoin vs Ethereum Blockchain: Conclusion The comparison between the blockchain size for Ethereum and Bitcoin is not always particularly relevant.
Contact Us Now Focus is on providing quality education and networking opportunities so number of participants is limited! Don't miss your seat. To enable this our team communicates with every participant to determine their goals do deliver a custom tailored maximum value event experience. After the event our team will continue our support of our participants and the opportunities they explore.
See schedule How Bitcoin and Blockchain is changing the world The Blockchain Bitcoin Super Conference will bring together the innovators and powerhouses for open discussions on how bitcoin and blockchain enabled technology will change the world for economies, industries and individuals. Be Part of the Conversation Blockchain has emerged and transformed into a highly disruptive and impactful technology.
It has broken down barriers that have limited growth across a spectrum of industries.
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